Self-management decision influences in heart failure: a preliminary investigation.

Self-management decision making places significant cognitive demands on individuals with heart failure (HF). Before theoretically valid decision supports can be developed, a better understanding of underlying decision characteristics is needed. The purpose of this preliminary study was to describe sources of self-management decision influences for individuals (N = 38) with varying levels of HF (New York Heart Association (NYHA) classifications). Therapeutic value was the most influential source of self-management decision making for these patients, followed by personal beliefs and values, information sources, symptom influence, and task difficulty across all NYHA classes. Symptom influence was least influential for persons in Class II, whereas task difficulty was least influential for those in Classes III and IV. Moderate and significant associations were noted between information sources and personal beliefs and values and between information sources and symptom influence. As the disease progressed, a trend toward fewer decision influences, especially in the task difficulty scale, was noted.