AIMS: We compare the myocardial infarction (MI) event and mortality rates among Chinese, Malay and Indian residents of Singapore. METHODS: Residents, aged 20 to 64 years, with an MI event were identified from hospital discharge listings, postmortem reports, and the Registry of Births and Deaths. All pathology laboratories flagged patients with elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels. Modified MONICA (multinational monitoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) criteria were used for determining MI events. RESULTS: From 1991 to 1999, 12 481 MI events were identified. Chinese patients were older and less likely to have typical symptoms or previous MI. Malays had the highest peak CPK level. Among all three ethnic groups, MI event and age-adjusted case-fatality rates declined. Compared with Chinese, MI event rates were >2-fold and >3-fold higher, and age-standardized coronary mortality rates were 2.4 and 3.0 higher times for Malays and Indians, respectively. Malays have the highest 3.1-year case-fatality, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% confidence interval, 1.14 to 1.38) compared with Chinese. CONCLUSION: We found strong ethnic differences in MI event, case-fatality and coronary mortality rates among the three ethnic groups in Singapore. While Indians have the greatest MI event rates, Malays have the highest case-fatality.
AIMS: We compare the myocardial infarction (MI) event and mortality rates among Chinese, Malay and Indian residents of Singapore. METHODS: Residents, aged 20 to 64 years, with an MI event were identified from hospital discharge listings, postmortem reports, and the Registry of Births and Deaths. All pathology laboratories flagged patients with elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels. Modified MONICA (multinational monitoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) criteria were used for determining MI events. RESULTS: From 1991 to 1999, 12 481 MI events were identified. Chinese patients were older and less likely to have typical symptoms or previous MI. Malays had the highest peak CPK level. Among all three ethnic groups, MI event and age-adjusted case-fatality rates declined. Compared with Chinese, MI event rates were >2-fold and >3-fold higher, and age-standardized coronary mortality rates were 2.4 and 3.0 higher times for Malays and Indians, respectively. Malays have the highest 3.1-year case-fatality, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% confidence interval, 1.14 to 1.38) compared with Chinese. CONCLUSION: We found strong ethnic differences in MI event, case-fatality and coronary mortality rates among the three ethnic groups in Singapore. While Indians have the greatest MI event rates, Malays have the highest case-fatality.
Authors: Michael Fenech; Ahmed El-Sohemy; Leah Cahill; Lynnette R Ferguson; Tapaeru-Ariki C French; E Shyong Tai; John Milner; Woon-Puay Koh; Lin Xie; Michelle Zucker; Michael Buckley; Leah Cosgrove; Trevor Lockett; Kim Y C Fung; Richard Head Journal: J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics Date: 2011-05-28
Authors: Ahmad Syadi Mahmood Zuhdi; Wan Azman Wan Ahmad; Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki; Jeevitha Mariapun; Rosli Mohd Ali; Norashikin Md Sari; Muhammad Dzafir Ismail; Sim Kui Hian Journal: Singapore Med J Date: 2015-10-16 Impact factor: 1.858
Authors: Aman P K Nijjar; Hong Wang; Kaberi Dasgupta; Doreen M Rabi; Hude Quan; Nadia A Khan Journal: Cardiovasc Diabetol Date: 2010-01-22 Impact factor: 9.951