Sensory principles of higher plants.

Plants respond to a broad variety of stimuli from the interior of their body and from the outside environment. A revolution in our knowledge of the sensory capabilities of plants took place during the last decade, thanks to the consequent application of the tools of molecular genetics and the focusing of most work, in a world-wide effort, on a single, representative, higher plant: Arabidopsis thaliana. This review concentrates on the complete sensory periphery of higher plants, with focus placed on the principles rather than the details, and such systems that have been functionally identified unambiguously. Higher plants are no less fascinating, no less complex, and no less sensitive than animals, even man, with respect to their sensory capabilities. Plants constantly monitor their environment and their interior situation by using a stunning array of sensory systems, that are mostly different from those of animals or man.