Pharmaceutical biotechnology products approved within the European Union.

The manufacture of therapeutic proteins represented the first true industrial application of recombinant DNA technology. Thus far some 88 recombinant proteins/monoclonal antibody-based products have gained marketing approval within the European Union (EU). This represents 36% of all new drug approvals since the introduction of the new centralized European drug approval system in 1995. More recently, an increasing proportion of approved proteins are engineered, tailored to display altered pharmacokinetic profiles or reduced immunogenicity in man. Currently no nucleic acid-based products are approved in the EU. Technical innovations/milestones likely characterizing the biopharmaceutical industry within the next decade include approval of some products produced in transgenic systems, approval of some products administered by non-parenteral means, approval of at least some nucleic acid-based products and the identification of novel biopharmaceuticals/biopharmaceutical targets through discoveries in functional genomics and proteomics.