| Literature DB >> 12546267 |
Pyng Lee1, Thomas R Gildea, James K Stoller.
Abstract
Nonsmokers with signs of emphysema at an earlier age than is typical for emphysema deserve a workup for one of the less common causes of emphysema, which include alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, connective tissue diseases, hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome, intravenous drug use, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and several rare metabolic disorders.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2002 PMID: 12546267 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.69.12.928
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Cleve Clin J Med ISSN: 0891-1150 Impact factor: 2.321