Cognitive-behavioral approaches in the management of obesity.

Many of the behavioral interventions designed to promote dietary change in individuals include medical assessment, initial assessment of diet history, assessing readiness, establishing dietary goals, self-monitoring, stimulus control training, training in problem solving, relapse prevention training, enlisting social support, nutrition education, dietary therapy, and ongoing contact to maintain progress. The comprehensive nature of a cognitive-behavioral weight management program is of value in modifying behaviors that are linked to adverse health effects and psychological distresses, without necessarily causing a drastic weight loss in obese individuals. The behavioral treatments for overweight and obesity directly modify behaviors that bear on health and illness, such as improving dietary choices, decreasing sedentary behaviors, and increasing habitual physical activity and exercises. Cognitive-behavioral treatment can be used to help overweight adolescents become more assertive in coping with the adverse social stigma of being overweight, enhance their self-esteem, and reduce their dissatisfaction with body image regardless of their weight loss. Cognitive-behavioral treatments seem to be more effective in children when delivered before puberty than they are for adults.