Genetic and clonal diversity for Myrica cerifera along a spatiotemporal island chronosequence.

Changes in genetic diversity and clonal structure were investigated along a spatiotemporal island chronosequence for the shrub Myrica cerifera. On our study site, Hog Island, Virginia, USA, island movement creates a sequence of dune ridges and intervening swales along an east-west axis of the island that produces an age-structured geomorphology. This substrate-mediated age structure, called the chronosequence, superimposes itself upon cohorts of M. cerifera that colonize behind nascent dune ridges as they are formed. This chronosequence allowed comparisons of levels of genetic diversity and clonal structure among different aged cohorts of M. cerifera. We observed little change in allelic diversity along the chronosequence and no evidence for heterosis, although there was moderate change in genotypic diversity. The spatial distribution of individuals within 10 plots established along three transects intersecting the island chronosequence identified a nonrandom spatial distribution of individuals in all cohorts, with increasing aggregation of above-ground stems into multistemmed clusters in the older sites. This aggregation of individuals did not correspond to a significant increase in clonal growth with cohort age, nor was there significant spatial genetic autocorrelation within any of the plots.