Medial preoptic lesions disrupt parental behavior in both male and female California mice (Peromyscus californicus).

California mice (Peromyscus californicus) are monogamous and naturally biparental, making them an ideal species in which to study the neural basis of paternal behavior. A male or female from each male-female pair was given an electrolytic or sham lesion in the medial preoptic area (MPOA), an area known to be critical for the expression of maternal behavior in rats, and retested for parental responsiveness. MPOA-lesioned males and females showed significantly longer latencies to show parental behavior and spent significantly less time near pups, sniffing pups, and licking pups than sham-lesioned mice. However, MPOA lesions did not reduce time spent hovering over pups. The results suggest that the neural mechanisms mediating paternal behavior are similar to those mediating maternal behavior in this species.