Fractures and tendon injuries of the athletic shoulder.

Athletic injuries in the shoulder range from a routine strain or sprain to a potentially disabling fracture or tendon rupture. The level of sports participation plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment. The nonprofessional athlete may be more likely to sustain injuries secondary to under-training or improper technique. The professional athlete may be capable of play under much higher velocities and applied loads and, therefore, may be subject to higher energy trauma than the amateur athlete. In addition to standard treatment considerations, return to play time must also be decided. Decisions regarding definitive treatment may be modulated depending on an athlete's desire to return to his or her previous level of competition.