Perceptual learning of temporal structure.

We investigated the extent to which the ability to perceive spatial form from temporal structure (TS) improves with practice. Observers trained monocularly for a number of consecutive days on a shape discrimination task, with one group of observers judging shape defined by luminance contrast between target and background elements and another group judging shape defined by correlated TS (synchronized changes in motion direction between target and background elements). Substantial learning was found for both shape tasks, with complete interocular transfer of training. Observers trained on TS showed no transfer of learning to the luminance condition, but observers trained using the luminance display with incidental synchronized changes did show transfer to the TS task. Possible underlying neural changes are discussed.