Influenza vaccine technologies and the use of the cell-culture process (cell-culture influenza vaccine).

Influenza vaccines have been produced for decades in eggs by a classical technology. A range of new vaccine technologies and approaches has been applied to improving these vaccines. Foremost among these are the use of mammalian cells to produce influenza viruses, the use of new adjuvants, and a live attenuated vaccine. Mammalian cell-derived vaccines, produced in nontumorigenic cell lines, have been developed and shown to be effective production systems as alternatives to eggs. This manuscript discusses the advantages and challenges of mammalian cell production, as well as alternative technologies for influenza vaccines.