Robert F Salamonsen1. 1. Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. r.salamonsen@alfred.org.au
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy of the chemiluminescent analyser in the measurement of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in both dry and humidified gas mixtures containing oxygen (O2) in varying concentrations. This work was performed because initial attempts to determine rate constants for the decay of NO and rates of formation of NO2 were unsuccessful. METHODS: Equations were developed by which the raw output signal of the analyser could be corrected for errors arising from variations in sensitivity of the analysis cell, degree of conversion of NO2 to NO and degradation of NO to nitrogen (N2) in the converter prior to analysis. Once correction factors were derived from calibration, the analyser was used to measure rate of decay of 40 ppm nitric oxide in both dry and humidified gases containing either 21%, 60% or 100% O2 in N2. RESULTS: Correction factors obtained from calibration corrected falls in sensitivity to a maximum of 28%, variations in degree of conversion of NO2 to NO from 62-96% and degradation of NO from 2-8% in the converter before analysis depending on O2 concentration and humidification. When the calibrated machine was used to measure decay of NO, an excellent fit (r2 > 0.95) with a hyperbolic function was obtained confirming that rate of decay is proportional to oxygen O2 concentration and square of NO concentration. A rate constant per unit O2 concentration of 9.40E-10 ppm(-2) min(-1) for humidified gas was significantly higher than 8.27E-10 ppm(-2) min(-1) for "dry" gas (P = 0.008) at 22 degrees C. Rise in NO2 predicted from the "wet" rate constant achieved 3ppm in 65 seconds with 40 ppm NO in 100% oxygen and 107 sec. in 60% oxygen. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that for accurate analysis of NO and NO2 concentrations in airway gases a rigorous calibration of the instrument for the conditions applying in the experiment is mandatory. Once this is achieved the instrument is capable of precise analysis of both gases.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy of the chemiluminescent analyser in the measurement of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in both dry and humidified gas mixtures containing oxygen (O2) in varying concentrations. This work was performed because initial attempts to determine rate constants for the decay of NO and rates of formation of NO2 were unsuccessful. METHODS: Equations were developed by which the raw output signal of the analyser could be corrected for errors arising from variations in sensitivity of the analysis cell, degree of conversion of NO2 to NO and degradation of NO to nitrogen (N2) in the converter prior to analysis. Once correction factors were derived from calibration, the analyser was used to measure rate of decay of 40 ppm nitric oxide in both dry and humidified gases containing either 21%, 60% or 100% O2 in N2. RESULTS: Correction factors obtained from calibration corrected falls in sensitivity to a maximum of 28%, variations in degree of conversion of NO2 to NO from 62-96% and degradation of NO from 2-8% in the converter before analysis depending on O2 concentration and humidification. When the calibrated machine was used to measure decay of NO, an excellent fit (r2 > 0.95) with a hyperbolic function was obtained confirming that rate of decay is proportional to oxygenO2 concentration and square of NO concentration. A rate constant per unit O2 concentration of 9.40E-10 ppm(-2) min(-1) for humidified gas was significantly higher than 8.27E-10 ppm(-2) min(-1) for "dry" gas (P = 0.008) at 22 degrees C. Rise in NO2 predicted from the "wet" rate constant achieved 3ppm in 65 seconds with 40 ppm NO in 100% oxygen and 107 sec. in 60% oxygen. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that for accurate analysis of NO and NO2 concentrations in airway gases a rigorous calibration of the instrument for the conditions applying in the experiment is mandatory. Once this is achieved the instrument is capable of precise analysis of both gases.