Identification of a NIPSNAP homologue as host cell target for Salmonella virulence protein SpiC.

Salmonella enterica uses a type III secretion system encoded by SPI-2 to target specific virulence factors into the host cytosol of macrophages to inhibit the phagosomal-lysosomal maturation pathway. This ensures survival of Salmonella inside its intracellular niche, the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). One such virulence factor is SpiC, which was previously shown to interfere with intracellular vesicular trafficking. In this study we have used a yeast two-hybrid assay to identify a NIPSNAP homologue as host cell target for SpiC that we have termed TassC. In vitro and in vivo co-purification of SpiC and TassC confirm the specificity of this interaction. Suppression of TassC production compensates a SpiC production deficit and allows spiC-Salmonella to survive within macrophages at levels comparable to wild-type Salmonella. We hypothesize that TassC is a host cell factor that determines vesicular trafficking in macrophages and is inactivated by Salmonella SpiC.