The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K12 transcript from a primary effusion lymphoma contains complex repeat elements, is spliced, and initiates from a novel promoter.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latently infects KS tumors, primary effusion lymphomas (PELs), and PEL cell lines. K12 (T0.7) is the most abundant transcript expressed in latent KSHV infection. We characterize here the K12 transcript from a PEL tumor prior to passage in cell culture. The PEL tumor KSHV K12 transcript contained additional complex nucleotide repeat elements compared to the previously described K12 message of the BCBL-1 PEL cell line. The PEL tumor lacked kaposin B, the predominant BCBL-1 K12 protein product, but encoded kaposins A and C. The K12 transcript was spliced and the splicing event occurred in all KSHV isolates tested. The 5' end of the K12 transcript was mapped by 5' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) and S1 nuclease protection assays and was at the site of an active promoter. This work demonstrates that the K12 transcript contains variable, complex repeat elements, is spliced and is expressed from a novel KSHV promoter.