BACKGROUND: The pattern of weight gain during pregnancy among HIV-infected women is largely unknown. Multivitamin supplementation was shown to be effective in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV-positive women. These protective effects could be mediated in part by an improvement in the pattern of gestational weight gain. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of multivitamin and vitamin A supplements on weight gain during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy among HIV-infected women. DESIGN: We enrolled 1075 pregnant, HIV-1-positive women from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Using a 2-by-2 factorial design, we assigned each woman to 1 of 4 regimens: multivitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, and vitamins B-6, B-12, C, and E), vitamin A, multivitamins including vitamin A, or placebo. The women took these oral supplements daily and were weighed monthly until the end of pregnancy. RESULTS: The mean rate of weight gain was 306 g/wk during the second trimester and 247 g/wk during the third trimester. During the third trimester, average weight gain was significantly greater (by 304 g; 95% CI: 17, 590; P = 0.04) and the risk of low rate of weight gain (<or= 100 g/wk) was significantly lower (relative risk: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.93) in women who received multivitamins than in women who did not. Multivitamins including vitamin A were protective against low weight gain during the second trimester compared with multivitamins alone. CONCLUSION:Multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy improves the pattern of weight gain among HIV-infected women.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The pattern of weight gain during pregnancy among HIV-infectedwomen is largely unknown. Multivitamin supplementation was shown to be effective in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV-positive women. These protective effects could be mediated in part by an improvement in the pattern of gestational weight gain. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of multivitamin and vitamin A supplements on weight gain during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy among HIV-infectedwomen. DESIGN: We enrolled 1075 pregnant, HIV-1-positive women from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Using a 2-by-2 factorial design, we assigned each woman to 1 of 4 regimens: multivitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, and vitamins B-6, B-12, C, and E), vitamin A, multivitamins including vitamin A, or placebo. The women took these oral supplements daily and were weighed monthly until the end of pregnancy. RESULTS: The mean rate of weight gain was 306 g/wk during the second trimester and 247 g/wk during the third trimester. During the third trimester, average weight gain was significantly greater (by 304 g; 95% CI: 17, 590; P = 0.04) and the risk of low rate of weight gain (<or= 100 g/wk) was significantly lower (relative risk: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.93) in women who received multivitamins than in women who did not. Multivitamins including vitamin A were protective against low weight gain during the second trimester compared with multivitamins alone. CONCLUSION: Multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy improves the pattern of weight gain among HIV-infectedwomen.
Authors: Olukunmi O Balogun; Katharina da Silva Lopes; Erika Ota; Yo Takemoto; Alice Rumbold; Mizuki Takegata; Rintaro Mori Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2016-05-06
Authors: Siyazi Mda; Joop M A van Raaij; Una E MacIntyre; François P R de Villiers; Frans J Kok Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2011-04 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Freeman T Changamire; Ramadhani S Mwiru; Karen E Peterson; Gernard I Msamanga; Donna Spiegelman; Paul Petraro; Willy Urassa; Wafaie W Fawzi Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2012-12-17 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Kosuke Kawai; Roland Kupka; Ferdinand Mugusi; Said Aboud; James Okuma; Eduardo Villamor; Donna Spiegelman; Wafaie W Fawzi Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2009-11-25 Impact factor: 7.045