A computational framework for optimal masking in the synthesis of oligonucleotide microarrays.

High-throughput genomic technologies are revolutionizing modern biology. In particular, DNA microarrays have become one of the most powerful tools for profiling global mRNA expression in different tissues and environmental conditions, and for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms. The broad applicability of gene expression profiling to the biological and medical realms has generated expanding demand for mass production of microarrays, which in turn has created considerable interest in improving the cost effectiveness of microarray fabrication techniques. We have developed the computational framework for an optimal synthesis strategy for oligonucleotide microarrays. The problem was introduced by Hubbell et al. Here, we formalize the problem, obtain precise bounds on its complexity and devise several computational solutions.