Chemoprotective potential of phase 2 enzyme inducers.

In this review we summarize recent data on the use of phase 2 enzyme inducers as cancer chemopreventive agents in preclinical and clinical studies. These agents elevate the expression of genes involved in the detoxication of electrophiles and free radicals that contribute to carcinogenesis. Their mechanisms of action, efficacy and limitations are discussed. Particular attention is paid to isothiocyante and dithiolethione classes of agents, as these are the most developed.