Colored illustrations of obstetrics manipulations and instrumentation techniques of a Turkish surgeon Serafeddin Sabuncuoglu in the 15th century.

Serafeddin Sabuncuoglu (1385-1470) was the author of the first illustrated surgical textbook Cerrahiyyet'ül Haniyye (Imperial Surgery) in the Turkish-Islamic literature. In the obstetric section he gave detailed descriptions of normal and abnormal presentation, surgical manipulation of intrauterine foetal death and retained placenta. He wrote about previously described procedures and the obstetric culture of his time. Some authors have claimed that he only translated Abu Kasim-al Zahrawa (Albucasis)'s Al-Tasrif (Textbook of Surgery) and added the illustrations of the surgical techniques. Even if this is accepted, the illustrations are enough to entitle this work as a milestone. In this paper, we describe the contributions of this pioneer in obstetrics and compare his recommendations with the current practice.