Hemophagocytic syndrome as an initial presentation of miliary tuberculosis without pulmonary findings.

A 9-y-old girl was admitted with fever, weakness and weight loss. She had pancytopenia in peripheral blood, hypocellularity and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow. Disseminated tuberculosis was diagnosed after a long delay, with involvement of the lungs, bone marrow, liver, spleen and central nervous system. Tuberculosis can be a cause of hemophagocytosis and should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin associated with pancytopenia and hemophagocytosis.