Protection against cancer by plant phenylpropenoids: induction of mammalian anticarcinogenic enzymes.

Chemoprotection has established itself as a "major arm" in the "war against cancer" and induction of phase 2 detoxification enzymes as an effective strategy. Prominent among inducers are Michael reaction acceptors. Such functionalities are intrinsic to many phenylpropanoids present in edible plants, where they play roles in plant defense. This minireview focuses on the ability of such plant metabolites to elevate phase 2 enzymes in various cell culture and animal models and ultimately to protect against carcinogenesis.