An examination of factors predicting prioritization for liver transplantation.

With the recent transition of the liver transplant allocation system to the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, a major change is its reliance entirely on objective criteria. In previous reports, potential donor families and members of the transplant community have questioned the fairness of the subjective nature of previous systems. Therefore, we examined the United Network for Organ Sharing database to determine if the previous allocation system benefited a particular group in prioritization for transplant. We included adult patients with chronic liver disease listed for transplant in the year 2000. Patients who had ever been listed as status 2A or 2B were analyzed. A multivariable analysis examined the patient characteristics that predicted being uplisted to status 2A. Of the 9244 patients, 2376 (25.7%) had received a liver transplant as a status 2A or had been listed as status 2A. In the multivariate analysis, the strongest patient characteristics that predicted status 2A were listing in the western United States and shorter duration of registration. Other predictors include blood type O, college education, unemployment, and coverage with private insurance or a health maintenance organization/preferred provider organization. In addition, patients with Laennec's cirrhosis were less likely to be uplisted to status 2A. Age, gender, and race were not predictors of uplisting to status 2A. In conclusion, these data show the wide range of practice patterns with the use of status 2A, and these findings suggest that certain patient groups might have received preference in the previous liver transplant allocation system.