The Kleeblattschädel anomaly.

Two cases with the characteristic features of the Kleeblattschädel anomaly are presented. The precise etiology of this rare syndrome is unknown and no genetic or environmental factors have been identified to date. Within the spectrum of disorders characterized by craniostenosis, the Kleeblattschädel anomaly appears to represent the most severe degree of expression. An early aggressive neurosurgical approach to correct the cranial malformation did not significantly alter the poor prognosis in these two patients.