AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of iridium-192 high-dose rate (HDR) endobronchial brachytherapy for the palliation of symptoms caused by endobronchial metastases of non-bronchogenic primaries. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Between 1991 and 1998, eleven patients (female n = 3, male n = 8; age: median 66 years, range 44-81 years) underwent intraluminal HDR brachytherapy for histologically confirmed endobronchial metastases from non-pulmonary primary tumors of various sites like urogenital tract (n = 5), gastrointestinal tract (n = 3), ear/nose/throat (n = 2) and breast (n = 1). The median time between diagnosis of the primary non-bronchogenic tumor and histopathological diagnosis of the endobronchial metastases was 39 months, range 1-99 months. A total dose of 15-20 Gy was delivered in three to four fractions of 5-6 Gy once a week. No palliative chemotherapy was added. RESULTS: Median follow-up after palliative brachytherapy was 15 months (range 1.4-59 months). Objectively, complete endoscopic response was observed in three (27%) patients, and in five (46%) others partial opening of the initially obstructed airway was achieved. Treatment was judged unsuccessful in three (27%) patients. No patient showed up with local progression. At date of analysis five patients were alive with documented residual tumor (80%) or complete response (20%). Relief of symptoms occurred in the vast majority of patients (n = 8, 73%). CONCLUSION: HDR intraluminal brachytherapy palliates symptoms in patients suffering from endobronchial metastases of non-pulmonary primary tumors. The applied treatment is a safe, effective and well tolerated palliative procedure leading to an improved patient quality of life.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of iridium-192 high-dose rate (HDR) endobronchial brachytherapy for the palliation of symptoms caused by endobronchial metastases of non-bronchogenic primaries. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Between 1991 and 1998, eleven patients (female n = 3, male n = 8; age: median 66 years, range 44-81 years) underwent intraluminal HDR brachytherapy for histologically confirmed endobronchial metastases from non-pulmonary primary tumors of various sites like urogenital tract (n = 5), gastrointestinal tract (n = 3), ear/nose/throat (n = 2) and breast (n = 1). The median time between diagnosis of the primary non-bronchogenic tumor and histopathological diagnosis of the endobronchial metastases was 39 months, range 1-99 months. A total dose of 15-20 Gy was delivered in three to four fractions of 5-6 Gy once a week. No palliative chemotherapy was added. RESULTS: Median follow-up after palliative brachytherapy was 15 months (range 1.4-59 months). Objectively, complete endoscopic response was observed in three (27%) patients, and in five (46%) others partial opening of the initially obstructed airway was achieved. Treatment was judged unsuccessful in three (27%) patients. No patient showed up with local progression. At date of analysis five patients were alive with documented residual tumor (80%) or complete response (20%). Relief of symptoms occurred in the vast majority of patients (n = 8, 73%). CONCLUSION: HDR intraluminal brachytherapy palliates symptoms in patients suffering from endobronchial metastases of non-pulmonary primary tumors. The applied treatment is a safe, effective and well tolerated palliative procedure leading to an improved patient quality of life.