P Metabolism in the Bean-Rhizobium tropici Symbiosis.

Nodulated legumes require more P than legumes growing on mineral nitrogen, but little is known about the basis for the higher P requirement. Experiments were conducted to determine how Rhizobium tropici responds to P limitation and to understand how P is partitioned between the symbionts under conditions of adequate or limiting P. Free-living R. tropici responds to P stress by increasing P transport capacity and inducing both an acid and an alkaline phosphatase. This P-stress response occurs when the medium P concentration decreases below 1 [mu]M. Both P-stress-inducible phosphatases are found in bacteroids taken from plants growing with adequate P, suggesting that P levels in the symbiosome space is low enough to induce the expression of these enzymes. Bacteroid alkaline phosphatase-specific activity was highest during vegetative growth of the bean plant, but decreased approximately 75% during the host reproductive stages. In hydroponic experiments 32P-tracer studies showed that in vivo rates of P accumulation were significantly higher in bacteroids from P-limited plants compared with those from plants that had been supplied with adequate P. In contrast, label accumulation in leaves was greatest in plants grown with adequate P.