Patterns of substance use in treatment-seeking problem gamblers: impact on treatment outcomes.

Accumulating evidence suggests that treatment-seeking problem gamblers have high rates of substance abuse. However, relatively little is known about the relation between gambling problems and specific psychoactive substances apart from alcohol and methadone-treated opiate addicts. In this study of 169 individuals seeking outpatient treatment for problem gambling, lifetime drug use and medication use were very high. Approximately half of the sample were using a psychiatric medication at the time they sought gambling treatment while very few individuals were using other drugs. Gambling treatment outcomes were unrelated to history of drug or medication use. No evidence was found for substitution of psychoactive substance use for gambling during the follow-up year. These findings indicate that gamblers are more likely to be involved with drug and medication use compared to the general population, but that such histories are not associated with gambling treatment outcomes. Copyright 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.