Pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Arterial pseudoaneurysm has been reported as a possible complication of immunodeficiency virus infection. We report two cases of HIV-positive patients with a pseudoaneurysm at the level of the descending thoracic aorta. The first patient refused surgery and has been followed up to 14 months, whereas the second patient underwent successful surgical repair. The importance of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of thoracic aorta pseudoaneurysm is also discussed.