Renal artery to inferior vena cava fistula following gunshot wound to the abdomen.

Traumatic fistula involving the renal artery and IVC is a rare event, and typically is a result of penetrating injury. A case of right renal artery to IVC fistula following a gunshot wound to the abdomen is reported, and illustrates the significant hemodynamic changes that accompany these fistulae. We also emphasize the importance of thorough initial exploration of retroperitoneal hematomas following penetrating trauma, and review management options in the treatment of renal arteriovenous fistulae.