High-dose chemotherapy as salvage treatment for seminoma.

Between October 1989 and February 1997, 13 patients with refractory or relapsed seminomas were treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) as part of consecutive phase I/II studies. Six patients had failed prior cisplatin-based first-line treatments and seven patients had also failed cisplatin-based salvage treatments. After HDCT 4/12 (33%) patients became disease-free, 4/12 (33%) patients achieved partial remissions and 4/12 (33%) patients suffered progressive disease despite HDCT. One patient developed multiorgan failure and died. With a median follow-up of 4.5 years (range 3.4 to 8 years) five patients (38%) are alive and eight patients (62%) have died. Patients with non-pulmonary visceral metastases, with short relapse-free intervals and with cisplatin-refractory tumors were more likely to fail. HDCT can be curative in seminoma patients even if offered as second salvage treatment.