[Principle of hydronephrosis and choice of surgical method].

Experience in operative treatment of 1574 patients suffering from hydronephrosis is analysed. Among them, 656 patients were operated in the Chernobyl zone. Radical surgery, palliative operations and nephrectomy were performed in 63, 21.5 and 16.5% patients, respectively. According to operative electropyeloureterography and histological examination of the removed material, circulatory segmental hypoplasia of near pelvis ureter in hydronephrosis had decreased electric potentials, up to their absence, urodynamic disorders. Ureteral hypoplasia is often associated with high branching of the ureter, additional aberrant renal vessel. In functional hydronephrosis it may be a primary cause of hydronephrosis and influence the choice of the operative treatment. Postoperative course of hydronephrosis in the Chernobyl zone is characterized by more frequent complications because of subnormal immunity and high virulence of urinary infection. For 12 years after the Chernobyl accident, no direct effects of low-dose radiation on renal function is ascertained. Renal function after radical plastic operations depended on the disease severity. In the Chernobyl zone all kinds of radical plastic operations in hydronephrosis were performed.