Renal diseases in children in Venezuela, South America.

The present study reports epidemiological data on renal disorders in children in Venezuela. Information was obtained from 14 centers for the period January through December 1998. A total of 3,624 patients were evaluated as either a first outpatient consultation or as a first hospital admission. Nearly 70% of the patients could be grouped in one of the following categories: (1) urinary tract infections (32%), with detection of abnormalities of the urinary tract in 25%, (2) metabolic disorders (28%), mainly idiopathic hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria, (3) glomerulonephritis (9.5%). The other 30% corresponded to urolithiasis 7%; renal tubular acidosis 5.6%; nephrotic syndrome 4.5%; primary hematuria 4.2%; acute renal failure 2.8% (43% were secondary to acute dehydration, 15% to birth asphyxia, 14% to septicemia, and 23% to multiple factors); chronic renal failure 1.6% (secondary to glomerulopathies, predominantly focal glomerulosclerosis, structural abnormalities of the urinary tract, hereditary disorders, and renal hypoplasia/dysplasia); miscellaneous diseases 4.8%. Hence, the spectrum of renal disorders in Venezuela is wide, sharing similarities with countries of both the developed and developing world. These data will hopefully contribute to the development of national healthcare policies appropriate to the epidemiology of the country.