OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an intervention to improve food label knowledge and skills in diabetes management among older adults with diabetes mellitus. DESIGN: A randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used. SUBJECTS/ SETTING: Participants (48 experimental, 50 control) were aged 65 years and older with type 2 diabetes for 1 year or longer; 93 participants (95%) completed the study, conducted in an outpatient setting. INTERVENTION: The intervention included 10 weekly group sessions led by a dietitian. Information processing, learning theory, and Social Cognitive Theory principles were used in program development and evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants' knowledge, outcome expectations (expected results of behavior), self-efficacy, and decision-making skills were assessed. Instrument validity and reliability were established before program evaluation. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Factor analysis identified underlying factor structures. Analysis of covariance with pretest score as covariate was used to compare groups at posttest. Paired t tests compared results within groups. RESULTS: Two factors were identified for outcome expectations (positive and negative) and for self-efficacy (promoters of and barriers to diabetes management). The experimental group had greater improvement in total knowledge scores (mean +/- standard error of the mean: 7.8+/-0.7) than the control group (0.2+/-0.7) (P < .0001), positive outcome expectations (0.59+/-0.15 vs 0.06+/-0.15, P = .01), promoters of diabetes management (0.83+/-0.12 vs -0.09+/-0.18, P < or = .001) and decision-making skills (5.1+/-0.5 vs 0.3+/-0.5, P < .0001) and greater reduction in barriers to diabetes management (1.1+/-0.16 vs 0.34+/-0.16, P < .01). No significant difference in negative outcome expectations occurred between groups at posttest. APPLICATIONS/ CONCLUSIONS:Older adults with diabetes can benefit from nutrition education designed to improve knowledge and skills necessary for diabetes management.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an intervention to improve food label knowledge and skills in diabetes management among older adults with diabetes mellitus. DESIGN: A randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used. SUBJECTS/ SETTING:Participants (48 experimental, 50 control) were aged 65 years and older with type 2 diabetes for 1 year or longer; 93 participants (95%) completed the study, conducted in an outpatient setting. INTERVENTION: The intervention included 10 weekly group sessions led by a dietitian. Information processing, learning theory, and Social Cognitive Theory principles were used in program development and evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants' knowledge, outcome expectations (expected results of behavior), self-efficacy, and decision-making skills were assessed. Instrument validity and reliability were established before program evaluation. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Factor analysis identified underlying factor structures. Analysis of covariance with pretest score as covariate was used to compare groups at posttest. Paired t tests compared results within groups. RESULTS: Two factors were identified for outcome expectations (positive and negative) and for self-efficacy (promoters of and barriers to diabetes management). The experimental group had greater improvement in total knowledge scores (mean +/- standard error of the mean: 7.8+/-0.7) than the control group (0.2+/-0.7) (P < .0001), positive outcome expectations (0.59+/-0.15 vs 0.06+/-0.15, P = .01), promoters of diabetes management (0.83+/-0.12 vs -0.09+/-0.18, P < or = .001) and decision-making skills (5.1+/-0.5 vs 0.3+/-0.5, P < .0001) and greater reduction in barriers to diabetes management (1.1+/-0.16 vs 0.34+/-0.16, P < .01). No significant difference in negative outcome expectations occurred between groups at posttest. APPLICATIONS/ CONCLUSIONS: Older adults with diabetes can benefit from nutrition education designed to improve knowledge and skills necessary for diabetes management.
Authors: Amy L Corneli; James R Sorenson; Margaret E Bentley; Gail E Henderson; J Michael Bowling; Jacqueline Nkhoma; Agnes Moses; Cynthia Zulu; James Chilima; Yusuf Ahmed; Charles M Heilig; Denise J Jamieson; Charles van der Horst Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2012-02
Authors: Sarah Dennis; Anna Williams; Jane Taggart; Anthony Newall; Elizabeth Denney-Wilson; Nicholas Zwar; Tim Shortus; Mark F Harris Journal: BMC Fam Pract Date: 2012-05-28 Impact factor: 2.497
Authors: S Nur Asyura Adznam; S Shahar; S A Rahman; N A M Yusof; F Arshad; Z Yassin; M Salleh; A A Samah; N I M Sakian Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2009-12 Impact factor: 4.075