Targeting ergonomics interventions--learning from health promotion.

Ergonomics often involves encouraging people to accept change, a process affected by their knowledge, attitudes and beliefs. This paper argues that ergonomics projects are likely to have greater success where formal account is taken of these characteristics, and interventions are tailored accordingly. Furthermore, it is suggested that ergonomics can usefully draw upon behaviour change models developed by those concerned with health promotion in the community. One influential model is Prochaska and DiClemente's (Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 19, 276-288, 1982) stage of change framework, which describes recipients of health information as progressing through six stages towards stable healthy behaviour: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance and relapse. This recognises the dynamic nature of behaviour change and that, both within and between individuals, responses may vary from failing to acknowledge existence of a health risk, to where something has already been done about it. Proponents of the model contend that interventions should seek to identify recipients' stage of change and target information and advice accordingly. It is proposed that Prochaska and DiClemente's approach might usefully inform ergonomics activities, particularly when advising with respect to health and safety (e.g. manual handling, upper limb disorders, fall risk, plant safety, etc.) but perhaps also where dealing with other ergonomics considerations (i.e. comfort and performance).