Varunee Kerdvongbundit1, Ulf M E Wikesjö. 1. Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontics, Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Payathai, Bangkok, Thailand. dtvkd@mahidol.ac.th
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Smoking appears to be detrimental to health because it has been associated with several diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Smoking also appears to be a major environmental factor associated with periodontal disease progression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction as influenced by smoking in a Thai population. METHODS: Gingival health and periodontal conditions at mandibular molar furcation sites in 120 Thai dental patients (60 smokers and 60 never-smokers, age range 31 to 60 years) with generally high oral hygiene standards and regular dental care habits were evaluated. RESULTS: Smokers exhibited more frequent and severe mandibular molar periodontal destruction than never-smokers. The prevalence and severity of gingival recession, periodontal pocket formation, clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement, and tooth mobility were significantly increased in smokers compared to never-smokers. Seventy-three percent of the smokers exhibited furcation involvement in contrast to only 20% of the never-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that smoking appears to be a major environmental factor associated with accelerated periodontal destruction in adult smokers with generally high oral hygiene standards and regular dental care habits in a Thai population.
BACKGROUND: Smoking appears to be detrimental to health because it has been associated with several diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Smoking also appears to be a major environmental factor associated with periodontal disease progression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction as influenced by smoking in a Thai population. METHODS: Gingival health and periodontal conditions at mandibular molar furcation sites in 120 Thai dental patients (60 smokers and 60 never-smokers, age range 31 to 60 years) with generally high oral hygiene standards and regular dental care habits were evaluated. RESULTS: Smokers exhibited more frequent and severe mandibular molar periodontal destruction than never-smokers. The prevalence and severity of gingival recession, periodontal pocket formation, clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement, and tooth mobility were significantly increased in smokers compared to never-smokers. Seventy-three percent of the smokers exhibited furcation involvement in contrast to only 20% of the never-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that smoking appears to be a major environmental factor associated with accelerated periodontal destruction in adult smokers with generally high oral hygiene standards and regular dental care habits in a Thai population.
Authors: Andrea Katryn Blanchard; Xikui Wang; Hani El-Gabalawy; Qier Tan; Pam Orr; Brenda Elias; Patricia Rawsthorne; Donna Hart; Shirley Chubey; Charles N Bernstein Journal: Int J Circumpolar Health Date: 2012-03-19 Impact factor: 1.228