Exposure to female rats produces differences in c-fos induction between sexually-naïve and experienced male rats.

Sexual incentive-induced Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-Li) within six neural regions implicated in male sexual behavior was investigated in both sexually-naïve and experienced male rats. Sexual experience was limited to one copulation culminating in ejaculation 24 h prior to testing. On test-day, subjects were placed within a cylindrical arena for 15 min on the opposite side of a perforated, Plexiglas partition from one of three targets: an uninhabited area, a non-estrous female, or an estrous female. Then 1 h later, each subject was sacrificed and its brain prepared for subsequent immunocytochemical staining. Analyses revealed a main effect of target stimulus on c-fos expression within the nucleus accumbens shell and core of male subjects. In addition, sexually-experienced subjects demonstrated significantly more Fos-Li within the nucleus accumbens shell in response to an estrous female versus a non-estrous female. There was also greater estrous cue-induced Fos-Li in the nucleus accumbens shell of experienced subjects when compared to naïve subjects. These data support previous suggestions implicating the nucleus accumbens in the generation of male sexual motivation. In addition, copulatory experience, even when limited to one ejaculation, seems to mediate long-term changes in the response properties of nucleus accumbens neurons that may reflect the value enhancement of primary female incentives.