Spontaneous pyeloduodenal fistula: an unusual presentation in advanced renal transitional cell carcinoma.

Spontaneous pyeloduodenal fistula is extremely rare. Most of the etiologies belong to chronic renal inflammatory disease, especially in patients with renal calculi. In published studies, only 2 cases have been reported in association with renal malignancy. We report a case of spontaneous pyeloduodenal fistula associated with transitional cell carcinoma, which has not been previously described in published reports.