OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of HTLV infection and its association with HIV and other potential risk factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional survey and a case-control study in a rural community in Guinea-Bissau. METHODS: A total of 2770 people were included in an HIV and HTLV seroepidemiologic survey. Three hundred of these participants were selected for a case-control study on HIV-2. Sera from both studies were tested for HTLV. RESULTS: In all, 2501 and 298 subjects in the survey and case-control study, respectively, were tested for HTLV. Overall HTLV-1 prevalence was 5.2% and it was higher in women (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; confidence interval [CI], 0.92-2.02). Apart from an infected spouse, no significant risk factors could be identified for men. In women, HIV-2 infection (adjusted OR, 5.58; CI, 3.09-10.1), having an infected spouse, and area of residence were significantly associated with HTLV-1 infection. The association between HTLV-1 and HIV-2 was significantly different for men and women (test of interaction, p =.002). CONCLUSIONS: In women, the most important determinant of HTLV-1 seropositivity was HIV-2 infection. Because the pattern was significantly different for men and women, common sexual risk factors may not be sufficient to explain the co-occurrence of HIV-2 and HTLV-1 in women. These observations may have implications in geographic areas where both types of retroviruses are prevalent.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of HTLV infection and its association with HIV and other potential risk factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional survey and a case-control study in a rural community in Guinea-Bissau. METHODS: A total of 2770 people were included in an HIV and HTLV seroepidemiologic survey. Three hundred of these participants were selected for a case-control study on HIV-2. Sera from both studies were tested for HTLV. RESULTS: In all, 2501 and 298 subjects in the survey and case-control study, respectively, were tested for HTLV. Overall HTLV-1 prevalence was 5.2% and it was higher in women (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; confidence interval [CI], 0.92-2.02). Apart from an infected spouse, no significant risk factors could be identified for men. In women, HIV-2 infection (adjusted OR, 5.58; CI, 3.09-10.1), having an infected spouse, and area of residence were significantly associated with HTLV-1 infection. The association between HTLV-1 and HIV-2 was significantly different for men and women (test of interaction, p =.002). CONCLUSIONS: In women, the most important determinant of HTLV-1 seropositivity was HIV-2 infection. Because the pattern was significantly different for men and women, common sexual risk factors may not be sufficient to explain the co-occurrence of HIV-2 and HTLV-1 in women. These observations may have implications in geographic areas where both types of retroviruses are prevalent.
Authors: Carla van Tienen; Maarten F Schim van der Loeff; Ingrid Peterson; Matthew Cotten; Birgitta Holmgren; Sören Andersson; Tim Vincent; Ramu Sarge-Njie; Sarah Rowland-Jones; Assan Jaye; Peter Aaby; Hilton Whittle Journal: Retrovirology Date: 2010-06-04 Impact factor: 4.602
Authors: Carla van Tienen; Maarten Schim van der Loeff; Ingrid Peterson; Matthew Cotten; Sören Andersson; Birgitta Holmgren; Tim Vincent; Thushan de Silva; Sarah Rowland-Jones; Peter Aaby; Hilton Whittle Journal: PLoS One Date: 2011-12-14 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: James M Fox; Nora Mutalima; Elizabeth Molyneux; Lucy M Carpenter; Graham P Taylor; Martin Bland; Robert Newton; Fabiola Martin Journal: Trop Med Int Health Date: 2016-02-03 Impact factor: 2.622