Lora Thaxton1, Mary Ann Myers. 1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Ohio, Room 1577 Dowling Hall, 3065 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614-5807, USA. lthaxton@mco.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Sleep disturbances in people with brain injuries, although quite common, remain a problematic management issue for caregivers. This article will review the architecture of sleep, the assessment of insomnia, and discussion of common medications that may exacerbate the problem. Nonpharmacological management techniques, including stimulus control, sleep restriction, and relaxation therapy, will also be discussed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: An intensive analysis of pharmacological agents used in treatment, including descriptions of the positive and negative effects of the various classes of drugs (e.g., sedative/hypnotics, antihistamines, dopamine agonists, and stimulants) will be provided. CONCLUSIONS: These discussions will hopefully assist in the decision-making processes of caregivers managing this unique group of persons with sleep difficulties.
OBJECTIVES: Sleep disturbances in people with brain injuries, although quite common, remain a problematic management issue for caregivers. This article will review the architecture of sleep, the assessment of insomnia, and discussion of common medications that may exacerbate the problem. Nonpharmacological management techniques, including stimulus control, sleep restriction, and relaxation therapy, will also be discussed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: An intensive analysis of pharmacological agents used in treatment, including descriptions of the positive and negative effects of the various classes of drugs (e.g., sedative/hypnotics, antihistamines, dopamine agonists, and stimulants) will be provided. CONCLUSIONS: These discussions will hopefully assist in the decision-making processes of caregivers managing this unique group of persons with sleep difficulties.
Authors: Nicole Shay; Keith O Yeates; Nicolay C Walz; Terry Stancin; H Gerry Taylor; Dean W Beebe; Carolyn T Caldwell; Lauren Krivitzky; Amy Cassedy; Shari L Wade Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2014-06-03 Impact factor: 5.269