BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis has been reported to occur occasionally among HIV-infected patients. The diagnosis of symptomatic osteonecrosis of the hip in two of the authors' patients, together with reports from community physicians, raised a concern that the prevalence of osteonecrosis is increasing. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of osteonecrosis of the hip in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients and to identify potential risk factors associated with osteonecrosis. DESIGN: Survey and comparison study. SETTING: The Clinical Center of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. PARTICIPANTS: 339 asymptomatic HIV-infected adults (of 364 asked to participate) and 118 age- and sex-matched HIV-negative volunteers enrolled between 1 June and 15 December 1999. MEASUREMENTS: Osteonecrosis of the hip, as documented by magnetic resonance imaging. Data from clinic records and a patient questionnaire administered before magnetic resonance imaging were used in an analysis of risk factors. A subset of patients was evaluated for hypercoagulable state. RESULTS: Fifteen (4.4% [95% CI, 2.5% to 7.2%]) of 339 HIV-infected participants had osteonecrosis lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, and no HIV-negative participants had similar lesions. Among HIV-infected participants, osteonecrosis occurred more frequently in those who used systemic corticosteroids, lipid-lowering agents, or testosterone; those who exercised routinely by bodybuilding; and those who had detectable levels of anticardiolipin antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Patients infected with HIV have an unexpectedly high occurrence of osteonecrosis of the hip. Although screening asymptomatic patients is not warranted, HIV-infected patients with persistent groin or hip pain should be evaluated for this debilitating complication.
BACKGROUND:Osteonecrosis has been reported to occur occasionally among HIV-infectedpatients. The diagnosis of symptomatic osteonecrosis of the hip in two of the authors' patients, together with reports from community physicians, raised a concern that the prevalence of osteonecrosis is increasing. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of osteonecrosis of the hip in asymptomatic HIV-infectedpatients and to identify potential risk factors associated with osteonecrosis. DESIGN: Survey and comparison study. SETTING: The Clinical Center of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. PARTICIPANTS: 339 asymptomatic HIV-infected adults (of 364 asked to participate) and 118 age- and sex-matched HIV-negative volunteers enrolled between 1 June and 15 December 1999. MEASUREMENTS: Osteonecrosis of the hip, as documented by magnetic resonance imaging. Data from clinic records and a patient questionnaire administered before magnetic resonance imaging were used in an analysis of risk factors. A subset of patients was evaluated for hypercoagulable state. RESULTS: Fifteen (4.4% [95% CI, 2.5% to 7.2%]) of 339 HIV-infectedparticipants had osteonecrosis lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, and no HIV-negative participants had similar lesions. Among HIV-infectedparticipants, osteonecrosis occurred more frequently in those who used systemic corticosteroids, lipid-lowering agents, or testosterone; those who exercised routinely by bodybuilding; and those who had detectable levels of anticardiolipin antibodies. CONCLUSIONS:Patients infected with HIV have an unexpectedly high occurrence of osteonecrosis of the hip. Although screening asymptomatic patients is not warranted, HIV-infectedpatients with persistent groin or hip pain should be evaluated for this debilitating complication.
Authors: Caryn G Morse; Lori E Dodd; Khanh Nghiem; Rene Costello; Gyorgy Csako; H Clifford Lane; Jay N Lozier; Joseph A Kovacs Journal: AIDS Date: 2013-02-20 Impact factor: 4.177