The role of endourology in ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Endopyelotomy has benefited from abundant confirmatory investigations, and significant progress in different technical modalities has occurred. Retrograde techniques, including the Acucise (Applied Medical, Laguna Hills, CA) cutting balloon and the ureteroscopic Holmium laser incision, are becoming preferred approaches while the other modalities retain their specific indications. Long-term results and potential complications have been carefully studied and reported. Better identification of risk factors has prompted precise preoperative investigations and allowed for careful patient selection, leading to improved results. These results approach those of open pyeloplasty, but with minimal morbidity.