Isolation and in vitro characterization of a herpesvirus from ground squirrels (Citellus sp).

A viral agent was isolated from ground squirrel primary kidney cultures which presented a spontaneous cell layer alteration. The cultural, morphologic, and physico-chemical characteristics of the agent indicated that it belongs in the herpesvirus group. The isolate presented a narrow in vitro cell host range, growing best in marmoset monkey, owl monkey, rabbit, and hamster kidney cultures and poorly in Vero and dog fetal lung cells. The agent is readily released from infected cells, a fact which indicates that it is a cell-free virus. Good plaque formation was observed only in marmoset monkey kidney monolayers. The virus was not neutralized by antisera against other herpesviruses with the exception of a partial 1-way cross-neutralization between ground squirrel agent and Herpesvirus saguinus antisera. All these characteristics indicate that this virus is likely a new member of the herpesvirus family.