E B Jude1, R Blakytny, J Bulmer, A J M Boulton, M W J Ferguson. 1. Department of Medicine and Diabetes, Manchester Royal Infirmary and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. ejude@dc.cmht.nwest.nhs.uk
Abstract
AIMS: To study the distribution of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) 1, 2 and 3, and TGF-beta receptor types I and II in diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic skin and normal skin by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. We also compared the TGF-betas with those of chronic venous ulcers. METHODS: Skin biopsies were obtained from the leg or the foot of non-diabetic and diabetic subjects, and from the edge of diabetic foot ulcers and chronic venous ulcers. Distribution (by immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry) of TGF-beta 1, 2 and 3 and TGF-beta receptors (RI and RII) was done by staining 8-microm skin sections using appropriate antibodies. Protein levels of TGF-beta were measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: TGF-beta3 expression was increased in the epithelium at the edge of diabetic foot ulcers, being more intense than diabetic and normal skin (P = 0.03, 0.02, respectively), as was its expression in venous ulcers compared with normal skin. However, TGF-beta1 expression was not increased in diabetic foot ulcers and chronic venous ulcers, and was comparable to diabetic and normal skin. There was also no increase for the receptors in diabetic foot ulcers. CONCLUSION: The lack of TGF-beta1 up-regulation in both diabetic foot ulcers and venous ulcers may explain the impaired healing in these chronic wounds, and could represent a general pattern for chronicity.
AIMS: To study the distribution of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) 1, 2 and 3, and TGF-beta receptor types I and II in diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic skin and normal skin by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. We also compared the TGF-betas with those of chronic venous ulcers. METHODS: Skin biopsies were obtained from the leg or the foot of non-diabetic and diabetic subjects, and from the edge of diabetic foot ulcers and chronic venous ulcers. Distribution (by immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry) of TGF-beta 1, 2 and 3 and TGF-beta receptors (RI and RII) was done by staining 8-microm skin sections using appropriate antibodies. Protein levels of TGF-beta were measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS:TGF-beta3 expression was increased in the epithelium at the edge of diabetic foot ulcers, being more intense than diabetic and normal skin (P = 0.03, 0.02, respectively), as was its expression in venous ulcers compared with normal skin. However, TGF-beta1 expression was not increased in diabetic foot ulcers and chronic venous ulcers, and was comparable to diabetic and normal skin. There was also no increase for the receptors in diabetic foot ulcers. CONCLUSION: The lack of TGF-beta1 up-regulation in both diabetic foot ulcers and venous ulcers may explain the impaired healing in these chronic wounds, and could represent a general pattern for chronicity.
Authors: Sol Kim; Drake W Williams; Cindy Lee; Terresa Kim; Atsushi Arai; Songtao Shi; Xinmin Li; Ki-Hyuk Shin; Mo K Kang; No-Hee Park; Reuben H Kim Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 2016-10-12 Impact factor: 6.741
Authors: Gopinath M Sundaram; John E A Common; Felicia E Gopal; Satyanarayana Srikanta; Krishnaswamy Lakshman; Declan P Lunny; Thiam C Lim; Vivek Tanavde; E Birgitte Lane; Prabha Sampath Journal: Nature Date: 2013-02-10 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Irena Pastar; Olivera Stojadinovic; Agata Krzyzanowska; Stephan Barrientos; Christina Stuelten; Karen Zimmerman; Miroslav Blumenberg; Harold Brem; Marjana Tomic-Canic Journal: Mol Med Date: 2010-01-06 Impact factor: 6.354