Regulation of organic anion transporters in a new rat model of acute and chronic cholangitis resembling human primary sclerosing cholangitis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology. Although the primary defect affects cholangiocytes, cholestatic injury of hepatocytes may promote further liver damage. Since down-regulation of hepatocellular organic anion transporters is implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of cholestasis, expression of these transporters was determined in a novel rat model, which closely resembles human PSC.
METHODS: Hepatic protein and mRNA expression of basolateral (Ntcp, Oatp1, 2 and 4) and canalicular (Mrp2, Bsep) organic anion transporters were analyzed 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of experimental PSC by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS).
RESULTS: Specific down-regulation of basolateral and canalicular transport systems except Oatp4 and Bsep proteins occurred during the acute phase of inflammation. In chronic cholangitis 12 weeks after TNBS Mrp2 protein and mRNA remained down-regulated by 40-50% of controls (P<0.05). In addition Oatp1 protein was also reduced by 40+/-13% (P<0.05), whereas all other transporters returned to control values.
CONCLUSIONS: In chronic cholangitis only canalicular Mrp2 expression remained down-regulated. This might represent the first injury to hepatocytes in chronic cholangitis as an extension of liver injury from the level of cholangiocytes to hepatocytes in PSC.