Complex regional pain syndrome.

PURPOSE: This paper provides a review of the current concepts of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and current diagnostic criteria are presented. Etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of painful disorders, previously addressed as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) remain doubtful. ISSUES: The supposition of a sympathetic hyperactivity in the development of this syndrome could not be confirmed. Up to now no diagnostic test that would be specific for the diagnosis of CRPS is available. The diagnosis relies on clinical findings and the exclusion of conditions that could account for the degree of pain and dysfunction. Pain relief and functional restoration are the primary goals of all therapeutic intervention and should start as early as possible.