[Protein kinases involved in the meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte].

The meiosis and fertilization of vertebrate oocyte are extensively regulated by various protein kinases. Recently, a great progress has been achieved in the studies on the molecular mechanisms of oocyte maturation, activation and fertilization. MPF and MAPK were found to be the key modulators of the cell cycle in oocyte, whose activation and inactivation result in the entry, arrest and exit of meiosis. Many protein kinases influence the meiosis by stimulating or inhibiting the activity of MPF and MAPK. Polo-like kinase activates MPF, whereas Mos initiates oocyte maturation and sustains MII arrest by activating MAPK. CaMK II down-regulates the MPF level through an ubiquitin-dependent pathway, which leads to the breakthrough of M phase arrest. Furthermore, p90(rsk) is involved in themeiosis regulation as a downstream regulator of MAPK; protein kinase C induces cortical granule exocytosis after fertilization and inhibits MAPK activity during maturation; and tyrosine protein kinase family members modulate the calcium release induced by fertilization. The cooperation of these protein kinases is essential to the development and fertilization of the oocyte.