A craniocerebral infectious disease: case report on the traces of Hippocrates.

A modern case of complicated sinusitis, with osteitis of the cranium and intraorbital-intracranial empyema, closely corresponds to descriptions reported in the Hippocratic treatise Diseases II. The therapeutic measures suggested in that work can be regarded as suitable according to modern practice. An ancient physician who followed the Hippocratic doctrine probably would have been able to recognize this complicated disease and possibly save the patient.