Multilocus restriction typing: a novel tool for studying global epidemiology of Burkholderia cepacia complex infection in cystic fibrosis.

Burkholderia cepacia complex infections contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a novel typing method, multilocus restriction typing (MLRT), for investigation of the global epidemiology of B. cepacia complex genomovar III, the species most commonly encountered in CF. In the MLRT method, variation at several loci is indexed by restriction analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes. Data obtained by MLRT and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of a large number of B. cepacia genomovar III isolates (including isolates belonging to epidemic lineages and environmental isolates) show a strong correlation. MLRT extends the utility of isolate genotyping by allowing comparisons of isolates collected in studies of larger scale (both temporal and spatial). The portability of MLRT data will facilitate comparison of data obtained in different laboratories. In addition, data obtained with MLRT can be used in studies of bacterial population structure.