[Rhabdomyolysis syndrome and hyperthermia secondary to cocaine and/or ecstasy consumption. Report of 2 new cases and review of the problem].

We describe two cases of hyperthermia and rhabdomyolysis related to cocaine and/or ecstasy consumption. The clinical and laboratory findings are characteristic of hyperthermia syndrome in both cases. The first patient consumed cocaine, ecstasy and alcohol and afterwards suffers from hyperthermia and rhabdomyolysis associated with decreased conscious level, labile blood pressure, severe renal insufficiency (needing hemodialysis) and important liver failure. The second patient consumed ecstasy and alcohol with intense physical activity and shows the same but moderate clinical picture rapidly responding to intravenous fluid therapy. The incidence of this drug-induced hyperthermia is low compared to the important use of these illicit drugs. Nevertheless its increasing consumption will lead physicians to attend more patients with this syndrome and other related complications. For this reason we have reviewed and up-dated this problematic subject.