Dilemmas and opportunities for an appropriate health-service response to violence against women.

This article is an overview of the role of health services in secondary and tertiary prevention of intimate partner violence. In it, I review the evidence, which comes mostly from developed countries, on the effectiveness and limitations of in-service training programmes to identify and care for women who have experienced intimate partner violence. I also discuss recent initiatives in developing countries to integrate concerns on gender-based violence into health-care services at different levels, some of the dilemmas and challenges posed by the current approaches to intimate partner violence, and recommendations for future interventions.