BACKGROUND: The presence of the tumor-suppressor gene p53 in advanced atherosclerotic plaques and the sensitivity to p53-induced cell death of smooth muscle cells isolated from these plaques have fueled speculation about the role of p53 in lesion destabilization and plaque rupture. In this study, we describe a strategy to promote (thrombotic) rupture of preexisting atherosclerotic lesions using p53-induced lesion remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS: Carotid atherogenesis was initiated in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by placement of a perivascular silastic collar. The resulting plaques were incubated transluminally with recombinant adenovirus carrying either a p53 or beta-galactosidase (lacZ) transgene. p53 transfection was restricted to the smooth muscle cell-rich cap of the plaque and led to an increase in cap cell apoptosis 1 day after transfer. p53 overexpression resulted in a marked decrease in the cellular and extracellular content of the cap, reflected by a markedly reduced cap/intima ratio (0.21+/-0.04 versus 0.46+/-0.03, P<0.001). The latter is a characteristic feature of plaque vulnerability to rupture, and whereas spontaneous rupture of p53-treated lesions was rare, it was found in 40% of cases after treatment with the vasopressor compound phenylephrine (P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated a potential role of p53-induced remodeling in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization. Being the first example of inducible rupture at a predefined location, this model offers a unique opportunity to delineate the processes that precede rupture and to evaluate plaque-stabilizing therapies.
BACKGROUND: The presence of the tumor-suppressor gene p53 in advanced atherosclerotic plaques and the sensitivity to p53-induced cell death of smooth muscle cells isolated from these plaques have fueled speculation about the role of p53 in lesion destabilization and plaque rupture. In this study, we describe a strategy to promote (thrombotic) rupture of preexisting atherosclerotic lesions using p53-induced lesion remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS: Carotid atherogenesis was initiated in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by placement of a perivascular silastic collar. The resulting plaques were incubated transluminally with recombinant adenovirus carrying either a p53 or beta-galactosidase (lacZ) transgene. p53 transfection was restricted to the smooth muscle cell-rich cap of the plaque and led to an increase in cap cell apoptosis 1 day after transfer. p53 overexpression resulted in a marked decrease in the cellular and extracellular content of the cap, reflected by a markedly reduced cap/intima ratio (0.21+/-0.04 versus 0.46+/-0.03, P<0.001). The latter is a characteristic feature of plaque vulnerability to rupture, and whereas spontaneous rupture of p53-treated lesions was rare, it was found in 40% of cases after treatment with the vasopressor compound phenylephrine (P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated a potential role of p53-induced remodeling in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization. Being the first example of inducible rupture at a predefined location, this model offers a unique opportunity to delineate the processes that precede rupture and to evaluate plaque-stabilizing therapies.
Authors: Jan H von der Thüsen; Keren S Borensztajn; Silvia Moimas; Sandra van Heiningen; Peter Teeling; Theo J C van Berkel; Erik A L Biessen Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2011-02 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Freek J van der Meer; Dirk J Faber; Maurice C G Aalders; Andre A Poot; Istvan Vermes; Ton G van Leeuwen Journal: Lasers Med Sci Date: 2010-03 Impact factor: 3.161