BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is one of the most common skin disorders. However, the etiology of vitiligo is still unknown. Current hypotheses discuss autoimmune, autotoxic and neuronal mechanisms. Here we report the case of radiation-induced depigmentation of the skin of a patient with Hodgkin's disease and 25-year history of vitiligo. PATIENT AND METHOD: We compared possible differences in skin color, skin moisture, microcirculation and skin elasticity between normal skin and skin exhibiting persistent depigmentation in a 37-year-old patient 40 months after completion of external beam radiotherapy. RESULTS: Colormetrically we found a dose-dependent decrease of the red/green and yellow/blue saturation combined with an overall increase in brightness in depigmented skin when compared with normal skin. This was in agreement with a loss of melanocytes in vitiligo. Depigmentation was complete in areas receiving 40 Gy. Areas which received 30 Gy showed depigmentation only if the skin dose was increased by the loss of depth of the build-up dose region in areas with direct contact with the irradiation table. We could not show any change in skin moisture, microcirculation or skin elasticity. CONCLUSIONS: Complete radiation-induced depigmentation of skin from patients suffering from vitiligo is a side effect of radiation therapy. Patients should be informed about this side effect by the radiooncologist. Preventing the loss of depth of the build-up dose region might improve the cosmetic results of radiation therapy in patients with history of vitiligo.
BACKGROUND:Vitiligo is one of the most common skin disorders. However, the etiology of vitiligo is still unknown. Current hypotheses discuss autoimmune, autotoxic and neuronal mechanisms. Here we report the case of radiation-induced depigmentation of the skin of a patient with Hodgkin's disease and 25-year history of vitiligo. PATIENT AND METHOD: We compared possible differences in skin color, skin moisture, microcirculation and skin elasticity between normal skin and skin exhibiting persistent depigmentation in a 37-year-old patient 40 months after completion of external beam radiotherapy. RESULTS: Colormetrically we found a dose-dependent decrease of the red/green and yellow/blue saturation combined with an overall increase in brightness in depigmented skin when compared with normal skin. This was in agreement with a loss of melanocytes in vitiligo. Depigmentation was complete in areas receiving 40 Gy. Areas which received 30 Gy showed depigmentation only if the skin dose was increased by the loss of depth of the build-up dose region in areas with direct contact with the irradiation table. We could not show any change in skin moisture, microcirculation or skin elasticity. CONCLUSIONS: Complete radiation-induced depigmentation of skin from patients suffering from vitiligo is a side effect of radiation therapy. Patients should be informed about this side effect by the radiooncologist. Preventing the loss of depth of the build-up dose region might improve the cosmetic results of radiation therapy in patients with history of vitiligo.